On Selecting the excess temperature to minimize the entrainment mortality rate

Schubel, J. R. and Marcy, B. C., Jr. and Beck, A. D. and Carpenter, E. J. and Coutant, C. C. and Kinsman, B. and Morgan, R. P., III and Robbins, A. S. and Ulanowicz, Robert E. and Woodhead, P. M. J. (1978) On Selecting the excess temperature to minimize the entrainment mortality rate. In: Schubel, J. R. and Marcy, B. C., Jr. (eds.) Power Plant Entrainment: a biological assessment. New York, Academic Press, pp. 211-227.

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Abstract

In selecting an excess temperature at which to operate a power plant cooling system it has been customary to consider only thermal stresses and to use the ratio of the number of organisms killed to the number of organisms entrained. This frequently leads to the selection of a low excess temperature, AT, which, in turn, requires a large volume flow of cooling water. When mortalities due to physical and chemical stresses are included and the total number of entrained organisms killed is taken as the measure of the environmental damage, it becomes evident that the choice of a low excess temperature is seldom, if ever, best.

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